Tooth decay can lead to big problems

Your mouth is full of tiny living things called bacteria. Some bacteria are good, but others can cause problems.

If you don’t brush and floss, bad bacteria can stick to your teeth. These bacteria create acid that wears teeth down. This is known as tooth decay, which can cause cavities or worse.

Know the stages of tooth decay

1. White spots

Tooth decay begins when bacteria attack the tooth’s outer layer, called the enamel. This causes white spots to appear.

2. Small cavities

If decay continues, small holes can form in the enamel. These are cavities. They might look like brown or black spots.

3. Large cavities

After time, bacteria can reach the softer layer under the enamel. This layer is called dentin. At this stage, your teeth might hurt when you eat things that are hot or cold.

4. Infection

If decay is untreated, bacteria can reach the pulp at the center of your tooth. This causes an infection that can make you very sick.

For a healthy smile, stop decay before it starts.

Brush twice a day and floss every day. Clean your teeth to get rid of the bad bacteria that cause tooth decay.

Eat a healthy diet. Avoid food or drinks with too much sugar and drink lots of water.

Visit the dentist twice a year. Stop problems early with regular checkups.

Ask your dentist about fluoride treatments. Fluoride can make teeth stronger to stop decay.

Source: American Dental Association (ADA): mouthhealthy.org.